Types of Septic Systems
When it comes time to install a septic system in your home, there are a few different types you can choose from. Each one has its own unique benefits and drawbacks, so it's important to understand the differences before making a decision. In this blog post, we will discuss the most common septic system types: traditional septic systems, aerobic septic systems, and wastewater treatment systems. If you need specific advice regarding wastewater treatment for your property, give us a call at 1300 770 594 and we would be happy to help.
Septic Systems
A tank is placed under the ground and receives wastewater from the household through a network of pipes.
Sludge - The heavy solids settle to the bottom of the tank and form a layer of sludge. It should be pumped out regularly.
Scum - Grease and light solids float to the surface and form a scum layer. It helps to prevent the foul smell to escape and blocks air from entering.
Effluent - The middle layer is transferred to the leach field where it is treated by the microbes present in the soil. It flows out to the leach field as new wastewater enters the tank.
The sludge layer is broken down by bacteria; this layer keeps building up and will eventually have to be pumped out by a wastewater expert.
Different Types of Septic Systems
- Conventional system
- Chamber system
- Drip Distribution System
- Aerobic Treatment Unit
- Mound System
- Recirculating Sand Filter System
- Aerated Wastewater Treatment System
- Evapotranspiration System
- Constructed Wetland System
Conventional System
Traditional septic systems are the most common type of septic system. They are typically less expensive to install and require less maintenance than other types of septic systems. They are available in two styles - Gravity and Pump Systems.
Gravity Systems - the force of gravity transports the water from your household into the septic tank.
Pump Systems - These systems use pumps to transfer wastewater to the septic tank and move it to the leach field.
Traditional septic systems can be more difficult to clean and may not provide as much wastewater treatment as some of the other options.
Chamber System
Chamber systems are like conventional septic systems with a tiny difference. They have large plastic pipes fitted within an underground trench called the leaching chambers. Wastewater passes through the septic tank and goes to the chamber. The effluent is treated and dispersed in the soil.
Drip Distribution Systems
It is an alternative system that uses a network of tubes to disperse effluent evenly over a large area. This system distributes the effluent slowly into the soil and allows for easy absorption of nutrients and removal of pathogens
Drip distribution systems are used in areas with steep slopes where it is difficult to install conventional septic systems.
Aerobic Treatment Unit
Aerobic septic systems are a newer type of septic system that uses oxygen to break down waste. This type of system is often more expensive to install, but it requires less maintenance than a traditional septic system. Aerobic septic systems also provide better wastewater treatment than traditional septic systems.
It is common in homes where a conventional system cannot be installed because of space issues or incompatibility with the soil.
Mound System
A mound system is a mixture of a conventional septic system and a drip distribution system. Instead of a leach field, it has a raised mound wherein the effluent is distributed. The mound is made of soil, sand and a gravel bed which filters the effluent and removes the contaminants. These systems are preferred in areas with high water tables or where the soil depth is too low to disperse the effluent safely.
Recirculating Sand Filter System
Like mound systems, recirculating sand filter systems are effective in areas with high water tables or low soil depth. They are also beneficial for areas with low space for the installation of a conventional septic system.
It uses a sand filter to treat the wastewater. Natural aeration and biological oxidation via microbes purify the effluent.
Aerated Wastewater Treatment Systems
An aerated wastewater treatment system, otherwise known as an AWTS, was developed as a way of both adequately treating and reusing wastewater in a safe and eco-friendly way. It is used for the treatment of domestic wastewater from either one or multiple homes, through various treatment ‘chambers’ which are attached to an irrigation system. The treated wastewater can then be used to water your garden or other areas of your property.
If you're not sure which septic system is right for you, it's important to talk to a professional before making a decision. A septic system is a big investment, so you want to make sure you choose the right one for your needs! For more information on types of septic systems or specific advice for your property, give us a call at 1300 770 594 or complete our online enquiry form.